China's Major Progress in Nuclear Fusion

The Chinese experimental nuclear fusion reactor "EAST," known as the "Artificial Sun," has achieved a significant scientific breakthrough after successfully initiating plasma at a density exceeding the theoretical limit that had been considered a cap for decades. The reactor utilized a quarter of its available capacity to heat the plasma and achieved a stable state lasting several seconds at a density 1.65 times the Greenwald limit, which was previously identified as the maximum density before instability occurs. This accomplishment highlights the confirmation of the theory related to "self-regulation of plasma and walls," which allows surpassing this limit and opens new horizons for improving the efficiency of nuclear reactions. However, the experiment is still brief, as longer durations—such as France’s record of 22 minutes—are needed to ensure the possibility of producing net energy from fusion. These results represent an important step toward developing more efficient nuclear reactors, even though commercial electricity generation remains a distant goal.

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