Egypt's Defense Industry Expansion and Impacts

Egypt is seeking to strengthen its defense industries through technology transfer and the development of its domestic capabilities, especially in light of the challenges it faces in securing supply chains for weapons and spare parts. Over the decades, Egypt has established companies such as the National Organization for Military Production and the Arab Organization for Industrialization, and has successfully formed partnerships with countries and international companies. Notably, this includes the manufacturing of M-1 Abrams tanks in collaboration with the United States, which enabled technology transfer but with restrictions regarding intellectual property rights and further development. Currently, Egypt aims to obtain better intellectual property rights and greater freedom for development than those conditions initially granted by the West, with the goal of achieving self-sufficiency in its defense industries.

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