Russia and Ukraine clash over Black Sea grain

The article addresses the critical situation facing Ukraine's grain sector as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war, particularly after the destruction of the Black Sea ports' infrastructure and its impact on agricultural exports. It highlights that Ukraine is one of the largest producers of wheat and corn, with 90% of its exports passing through the Black Sea, and that shipments have been significantly affected by Russia's attacks on these ports. The article notes that this year's harvest is expected to be around 60 million tons, but the blockade hampers its export and threatens the economy and agriculture, both through liquidity shortages and halted shipments. It also points out that the decline in exports endangers global food security, with estimated losses reaching billions of dollars and increased risks to wheat supplies in importing countries, especially in Africa and the Middle East. Furthermore, Ukraine is seeking alternative export routes, such as via railways, but faces significant challenges, compounded by the escalation of Russian attacks and strikes on water facilities and infrastructure, which severely impact agricultural production and exports.

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